Gems Buying Guide: Looking For a Gem That Is a "Cut Above"!

Celebrating a Special Occasion with JewelryEven more important, careless cutting, or cutting
Jewelry and gems The Buying Guideto get the largest possible stone from the rough,
One of the most important things to learn is howcan sometimes result in faults that may make a
to look at a gem, even if you won't see all that astone more fragile and vulnerable to breakage.
gemologist will. Let's begin by making sure youSuch stones should sell for much less, although
understand the terms you will be hearing andthe fault may not be visible without careful
using to describe what you want, especially termsexamination by an expert.
pertaining to the stone's "cut" and the names forHow to know if a stone is well cut.
the parts of a cut stone.The precision of the cutting dramatically affects
It's important to be familiar with a few generalthe beauty and value of any stone. This is
terms that are commonly used when referring toespecially true in faceted stones, those on which a
faceted stones. The parts of a stone can vary inseries of tiny flat planes (facets or faces) have
proportion and thus affect its brilliance, beauty,been cut and polished. (Non-faceted stones are
and desirability.called cabochons.) By following some general
- Girdleguidelines and tips for looking at the faceted
The girdle is the edge or border of the stone thatgemstones, you can better determine both the
forms its perimeter; it is the edge formed wherequality of the stone and quality of the cut.
the top portion of the stone meets the bottomThe first thing to keep in mind is that any stone,
portion, its "dividing line." This is the part usuallyif basic material is good quality, the way it is cut
grasped by the prongs of a setting.will make the difference between a dull, lifeless
- Crownstone and a beautiful, brilliant one. In diamonds, the
The crown is also called the top of the stone. Thiscutting and proportioning are greatest influence on
is simply the upper portion of the stone, the partthe stone's brilliance and fire. In colored gems, the
above the girdle.perfection of the cut is not as important as it is
- Pavilionwith diamonds, but proportioning remains critical
The pavilion is the bottom portion of the stone,because it will significantly affect the depth of
the part from the girdle to the "point" at thecolor as well as the stone's brilliance and liveliness.
bottom.Look at the stone face up, through the top
- Culet(table). This is the most critical area to view, since
The culet is the lowest part or point of the stone.this is the one most often noticed. If looking at a
It may be missing in some stones, which candiamond, does it seem to sparkle and dance
indicate damage, or, particularly with coloredacross the whole stone, or are there dead spots?
stones, it may not be part of the original cut.In a colored gem, does the color look good from
- Tablethis direction? Is the table centered and
The table is the flat top of the stone and is thesymmetrical?
stone's largest facet, often called the face. TheA quick way to check the symmetry of a round
term table spread is used to describe the widthdiamond is to look at the table edges. The lines
of the table facet, often expressed as ashould be straight, regular, and parallel to one
percentage of total width of the stone.another. The table edges should form a regular
The Cut of the Stoneoctagon, with the edges meeting in sharp points.
The most important, and least understood, factorIf the lines of the table are wavy, the overall
which must be evaluated when considering anysymmetry is not good, and the symmetry of the
gem is cutting. When we talk about cut, we areadjoining facets will also be affected.
not referring to the shape, but to the care andNext, look at the stone from the side. Note the
precision used in creating a finished gem from theproportion of the stone both above and below
rough. There are many popular shapes forthe girdle.
gemstones. Each shape affects the overall look ofThe stone's proportion, whether it is too thin or
the stone, but if the stone is cut well its brilliancetoo thick, will have a marked affect on its overall
and value endures no matter what shape it is. Forbeauty. With colored stones, the relative terms of
the average consumer, choosing a shape is simplythickness vary greatly due to the inherent optical
a matter of personal taste. Some of the mostproperties of different gems. As a general guide
popular shapes are listed below:when considering colored stones, keep in mind
- Round Shapethese three points:
- Princess Shape1. If the stone appears lively and exhibits an
- Trilliant Shapeappealing color when viewed through the table, no
- Pear Shapematter how the proportion appears (thick or thin),
- Marquise Shapeit is usually correct and acceptable proportioning
- Oval Shapefor that particular stone.
- Emerald Shape2. The depth of color (tone) will become darker s
- Radiant Shapethe stone is cut thicker, particularly if the bottom
- Heart Shapeportion (pavilion) is deep and broad.
- Baguette Shape3. A stone's depth of color will become lighter as
- Tapered Baguette Shapethe stone is cut thinner. This is especially
- Asscher Shapeimportant when considering a pastel colored stone.
- Cushion ShapeA pastel stone should always have fairly deep
Make makes a big differenceproportioning.
The Shape of the stone may affect theThe effects of cut and proportioning will be
personality it displays, but it is the overall cuttingdiscussed in greater detail in future articles, as the
that releases its full beauty. A term used byfactors affecting cut and proportioning are
professionals to describe the overall quality of thesomewhat different for diamonds and colored
cutting is "make". Having a "good make" will sellgems. It is an important first step, however, to
for much more than one with a "fair make." Thebecome aware of general views and begin to
difference in price between a well-cut and poorlyhave a feeling about what looks "right.
cut diamond can be as much as 50%, or more.