Precious Stones - The Big Five - Part 3 The Sapphire

The sapphire, protector of the innocent, celestialbrilliant, and loses by artificial light. The various
guardian of truth, bringer of health and youth,other colored sapphires, such as yellow or Oriental
symbol of the heavens and birthstone for thetopaz, light green or Oriental aquamarine,
month of September, is in fact the same stonegreenish-yellow or Oriental chrysolite, and aurora
as the ruby, the mineral corundum.red or Oriental hyacinth, are all valuable as gem
The blue corundum, ranging in color from thestones when they are pure, well cut, and have
lightest blue to deep blue and black, is the samepronounced colors--in fact, the name Oriental is
stone as the ruby, the only difference being in thegiven to distinguish the corundums from the less
color. The choicest color is the soft velvety blue,valuable minerals of the same colors which they
approaching the cornflower in shade and exhibitingresemble, but which they greatly surpass in
that color vividly by artificial as well as by naturalbeauty and value because of their brilliancy and
light. The deeper-colored stones are known assuperior hardness.
male, and the light-colored ones as femaleAsterias or star stones are corundums of three
sapphires. Although choice sapphires are rare, adifferent colors; the star sapphire proper is a
much greater quantity of good and large stonesgrayish blue, the star ruby red, and the star topaz
are to be had than of rubies, and therefore theyellow. These stones are usually cut cabochon or
price of a large sapphire does not advance in theconvex, and display under the rays of the sun, or
same proportion as the price of a large ruby.when exposed to one candle or other artificial
The word "sapphire" which means blue is of thelight, a beautiful star with six points. This star is
same form in nearly all the early tongues, thusproduced by foreign substances in the corundum,
showing that they were in use by the ancients.and the lapidary brings about the regular effect
Sapphires are found in many parts of the worldby cutting a pointed carbuncle so that the center
and are usually found in the same locality as theof the star begins at the apex, and the six bright
ruby. The largest number and finest quality ofstripes radiate to the base of the stone. The
these stones come from Thailand and India, andbright lines of the star following the light move
are found and recovered in much the same wayover the surface of the stone and produce a
as the ruby.remarkable effect. These stones are amongst the
The sapphire is next to the diamond in hardnessmost wonderful of mineral productions, and good
and it is this quality that makes it impervious tospecimens are very valuable. The corundum
wear and insures its sharp edges and cornerscat's-eye, called Oriental girasol or sunstone, has a
against years of use. Like the ruby the value ofbluish, reddish, or yellowish reflection of light of a
the sapphire is determined by its color. The finestlighter shade than the stone itself, and which
stones are a deep blue and the deeper the colormoves on the convex surface of the stone like
the more highly it is prized if its translucency isthe lines of a star stone.
not impaired. Although the sapphire with its manyTo this day, sapphire is one of the most
shades of blue is considered the most desirableimportant members of the family of gems and is
stone, it is also found in other colors such as red,certainly one of the most favored by jewelry
green, yellow and pink.artisans worldwide. Consequently, there is more
The Oriental emerald or green sapphire does not"hanky-panky" with treatments, alteration of color
approach the beryl or true emerald in depth ofand various other techniques to disguise or
color, but because of its superior hardness andimprove flaws etc., than almost any other
brilliancy, added to its extreme rarity, it is theprecious stone. Buyer beware of bargains that
most valuable of green gems. The Orientallook "too good to be true". Deal with reputable
amethyst or purple sapphire sometimes reflects ajewelers both online and offline. The sapphire is
red color by artificial light, and is valued highly as athe birthstone for September.
gem stone; the common amethyst is softer, less