The First Gemstone Mined In The United States

Rockhounding has become pretty popular inof the large cut gems are flawless -- and
America. I would call it a safe bet that everyonespectacular.
at least knows a die hard rockhound - if theyCutting gemstones is not the only value of
aren't onethemselves. There is unquestionablytourmaline, however. It is also usedto make a
something very special about gems thatyou findpolarizing apparatus (tourmaline tongs), pressure
yourself. Ever wonder where it all started for Usmeasuringequipment, and specialist microphones.
in the USA?Scientists can use tourmaline to gainknowledge of
In 1820 tourmaline was discovered by Elijahthe geological past for the area in which the
Hamilin and Ezekiel Homes atcrystals are found.
Mount Mica, Maine. By 1822 America had it's firstIn the United States tourmaline can be found in
gemstone mine. It is hard to imagine another gemabundance in southern
being so right to represent the avent ofCalifornia, Connecticut, Maine, New York and
America's love of gem hunting.Texas. It has also been found in
Having a hardness of 7.5, tourmaline makes easilyIdaho, South Dakota, North Carolina, and a few
workable gem facitingmaterial. It also comes inother states in lesser quantities.
every color and hue imaginable. ManyWorldwide, tourmaline is found in Africa, Brazil,
crystalscontain several colors within one stone,Madagascar, Mexico, Myanmar,
the "watermelon" stone with it's pinkcenter andNamibia, Sri Lanka, and The Isle of Elba.
green outer layers being the most well known.Identifying factors for those hunting tourmaline
Buergerite, elbaite,schrol, utive, foitite dravite,are:
povondravite, chromdravite, feruviteColor - from transparent to black, often
aliddicoatite,olenite are all mineral species ofmulti-colored
tourmaline, making 11 mineral species in all.Luster - vitreous to resinous
Tourmaline produces some sizable crystals, theStreak - uncolored
usual range falling from underan inch long to overCleavage - none
a foot long and several inches wide. Needless toFracture - variable
say manyspectacular huge gems, a 400 carateSpecific Gravity - 3.0 - 3.2
pink/red stone, 256 carate blue/green, aChemistry - SiO2 + B, Al
75 pound green/pink to name a just a few, haveCrystal System - hexagonal
been cut from large tourmalinecrystals, and manyHardness - 7.0 - 7.